Search by ions and atoms in the BIBL database

General instructions

    Normally, if you want to get references concerning a particular ion or atom, you fill in one line in the Ion-Search Table of the search request form. You can specify the ion's chemical name, its electric charge, the subject of research you are interested in, and the method of research. These fields will be combined by the logical AND operator in the search request. This means that, if you specify, say, the atom H+0, the subject EL (Energy Levels), and the method TH (Theory), then all papers where theoretical energy levels of neutral hydrogen have been studied will be retrieved.
    In some cases it is better to fill in several lines in the Ions-Search Table. The system will actually perform a series of successive searches, using each line of the Table as a separate request (which is equivalent to combining of these search requests by the logical OR operator). The typical situation when you need to use multiple lines in the Ions-Search Table is when you are interested in several research topics (say, WL - wavelengths, and EL - energy levels) or when there exist several research topics with very close relation, like OS (oscillator strengths),  TP (transition probabilities), and LFT (radiative lifetimes).
    In some cases you may have a need to leave the "Element" and "Charge" fields blank. This
is true if you search for the information on exotic atomic systems like positronium, muonium etc. (EXA - "exotic atoms" keyword) or superheavy elements with nuclear charge greater than 105 (SHE - "superheavy elements" keyword). Generally, if you omit the ion (atom) name, all ions and atoms of the Periodic Table are searched for. If you omit only charge, all ionization stages of the element are searched for.
    For the search on an isoelectronic sequence - see instructions in the "Subject of Research" topic.

Element name

    Enter the symbol of the chemical element from the Periodic Table. If you do not have the Periodic Table under your hand, you can view the list of the elements here. If you omit the element name, you must leave the "charge" field blank, too.
    The isotopes are not distinguished anyhow, except for those of hydrogen, for which there are separate names: D (deuterium) and T (tritium).

Charge

    Enter the electric charge of the ion (0 for neutrals, -1 for negative ions, -2 for doubly charged negative ions). If you omit the charge, all ionization stages of the element will be searched for.  You may enter a range of charges, e.g. "5-8" will mean "any charge in the range 5 through 8".

Subject of Research

    In the Ions Search Table, use the exact BRIEF NAMEs from the total list of available subjects. If you specify an invalid subject name, the database will return an error message.
Among all the subjects, there is a special one, SQ - "isoelectronic sequence". In order to find all the data available for a particular isoelectronic sequence (e.g. Hydrogen), i.e. for all ions with the same number of electrons, use the symbol of neutral atom with zero charge ("H +0", in this example), and specify SQ as the subject of research. You may add more subject names to narrow your search, separating them with commas. Say, if you search for electron-impact excitation cross-sections of the hydrogen-like ions, you should enter "H +0" as the ion and "SQ, EIE-CS" as the subject.
    The subject names have no relation to each other. This means that if you specify, say,  EIE (electron impact excitaion) as the subject, you will NOT find papers where EIE-CS (electron impact excitation cross sections) is present, unless they have the EIE keyword along with EIE-CS. In the same way, if you specify SL (spectral lines) as the subject, you will not get any references where WL (wavelengths) or L-INT (line intensities) have been studied. If you are in doubt which particular keyword to use, it is better to fill in several lines in the Ions Search Table, using different subject names in each line.

Method of Research

    In the Ions Search Table, use the exact BRIEF NAMEs from the total list of available methods. If you specify an invalid method name, the database will return an error message.
    Among all the available method names, there are two special ones, EXP ("experimental") and TH ("theoretical"). If you specify EXP method, then all papers, where any experimental method was used, will be found, regardless of the particular method. In the same way, TH will pick up the papers using any theoretical method.

See the General Instructions Go to the Search Request Form